Benguela Marine Tech

estimates of global oceanic economic activity’s value ranges between 3-6 trillion $us per year. such activity includes a wide range of ocean-related industries, which contribute to both current and future economic development. in fact, offshore activities are expected to be intensified in the near future. in this context, the single most important challenge will be the development of an integrated framework of analysis for assessing the environmental, economic (including financial), and social sustainability aspects of offshore activities. developing such a framework will have to occur under environmental and socio-economic uncertainty. a related challenge is the development and implementation of the management strategies that are needed to support welfare-improving, sustainable offshore activities. offshore activities involve three compounding levels of uncertainty—uncertainty over the underlying marine physical or ecological processes, uncertainty over the socio-economic impacts