State of University-Business Cooperation in Europe

why care about university-business cooperation? university -business cooperation (ubc) is consider to be the engine towards knowledge-based societies and economies. it is specially needed in the european context, threaten by increased global competition, with ongoing economic issues and high levels of unemployment. why this study? a need exists for a holistic study on european ubc incorporating both the business and hei perspectives. despite the increase of heis involvement in practical knowledge generation, there is still little confirmation on the modes or extent of cooperation between hei and business actors across europe. though many studies have been directed at understanding certain interactions between heis and business, still not much is known about wider ubc within a european context, particularly from the perspective of business. the understanding of ubc needs to be broadened and promoted, greater understanding of the national ubc ecosystem is required, there are no review of